Asian and Russian Heritage and Health Beliefs

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Cultural Group: Asian American

A Brief History of the Cultural Group

  • Asian Americans are descendants of Asian immigrants.
  • The largest immigrant population group in the U.S.
  • Asian immigration rose after 1965.
  • By 2014, there were 12.8 million Asian immigrants (Zong & Batalova, 2016).
  • Asian American population expected to grow further.

Values and Worldview

  • Asian Americans have diverse religious backgrounds.
  • Family is important in Asian culture.
  • Collectivism is prominent in Asian Americans (Paik, Rahman, Kule, Saito, & Witenstein, 2017).
  • Education is critical to life success.
  • Families often live together with grandparents.

Language and Communication Patterns

  • Asian Americans are often bilingual.
  • Mother tongue depends on family origins.
  • Reserved in terms of emotional expression (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Strong oral history traditions in families.
  • Asian parents may experience language barriers.

Art and Other Expressive Forms

  • Visual arts are particularly popular (Xiao, 2013).
  • Artistic expression inspired by traditional motifs (Xiao, 2013).
  • Children engage in different art forms.
  • Performance arts are also common.
  • Listen to American and Asian music.

Norms and Rules

  • Authoritarian parenting style is common (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Show respect and support for elders (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Preservation of individual and family honor.
  • Politeness and reserved attitude are normal.
  • Start a family later than Americans.

Lifestyle Characteristics

  • Nutrition depends on socio-cultural background.
  • Smoking and substance use are common.
  • Traditional healthcare is widely used (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Diligent, often work extra hours.
  • The level of activity varies among individuals.

Relationship Patterns and Common Rituals

  • Family is the primary source of support.
  • Ties with family members are strong (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Decreased rate of divorces and separations.
  • Seek family approval for major decisions.
  • Common rituals: celebrations, family gatherings.

Degree of Assimilation or Marginalization from Mainstream Society

  • The degree of assimilation depends on the age.
  • Younger Asian Americans are more assimilated.
  • Some Asian American communities are isolated (Paik et al., 2017).
  • Might experience language and cultural barriers (Smith, 2017).
  • Marginalized in predominantly white communities (Paik et al., 2017).

Health Behaviors and Practices

  • Traditional medicine includes herbal remedies.
  • Acupuncture is common in some communities.
  • Increased utilization of conventional health resources.
  • Avoid visiting a doctor when possible (Smith, 2017).
  • Low health literacy and risk awareness (Smith, 2017).

Socio-Cultural Group: Russian Heritage

A Brief History of the Socio-Cultural Group

  • The first wave of Russian immigration before WWI (Background information, n.d.).
  • Most Russian immigration was politically motivated (Background information, n.d.).
  • Many Russians fled to avoid prosecution.
  • Immigration was restricted during the Cold War (Background information, n.d.).
  • Well-established communities in most cities.

Values and Worldview

  • Family is significant for Russian immigrants (Bradford, 2017).
  • Collectivism and homeland are key values (Bradford, 2017).
  • Connection to culture remains for generations.
  • Strive for success in career and education.
  • Value generosity and honesty in people.

Language and Communication Patterns

  • Most families speak Russian at home.
  • Fluency in English depends on the career.
  • Many people speak several foreign languages.
  • Rarely express emotions and feelings (Bradford, 2017).
  • Willing to share information and help others (Bradford, 2017).

Art and Other Expressive Forms

  • Russia has a significant artistic heritage.
  • Ballet a popular art form in Russia (Bradford, 2017).
  • Classical music is part of Russian Heritage (Bradford, 2017).
  • Literature by Russian authors is popular (Bradford, 2017).
  • Clear ties between culture and art.

Norms and Rules

  • Family interests outweigh individual interests.
  • Children are taught to respect elders.
  • Successful career and education are imperative.
  • Patriarchy is prominent in Russian families.
  • Parents usually use an authoritarian parenting style.

Lifestyle Characteristics

  • Low level of physical activity.
  • High-fat diets due to traditional foods (Russians in Minnesota, 2013).
  • Office work and entrepreneurship are prevalent.
  • Alcohol use and smoking are common (Russians in Minnesota, 2013).
  • Disease prevention using herbal remedies.

Relationship Patterns and Common Rituals

  • Early marriage and high divorce rates.
  • Mothers and grandmothers care for children.
  • Can build lasting friendships and relationships.
  • Respect elders and often live together.
  • Russian holidays (e.g., New Year and Orthodox Christmas).

Degree of Assimilation or Marginalization from Mainstream Society

  • Many live in isolated Russian communities.
  • Build supportive relationships with other Russians.
  • Language barriers prevent cultural assimilation.
  • Marginalization due to small population size.
  • Experience alienation due to cultural differences.

Health Behaviors and Practices

  • Distrust towards medical professionals is widespread (Russians in Minnesota, 2013).
  • Low health literacy, reliance on self-medication.
  • Poor care-seeking behaviors lead to complications (Russians in Minnesota, 2013).
  • High incidence of chronic diseases.
  • Use home remedies for most conditions.

Comparison

  • Similar family relationships and parenting styles.
  • Both groups rely on herbal remedies.
  • Higher cultural assimilation in Asian Americans.
  • Asian Americans lead healthier lifestyles.
  • Gender inequality is more prominent among Russians.

Differential Approaches

  • Establish trustful relationships with Russian Americans.
  • Respect patient dignity with Asian Americans.
  • Encourage conventional medicine use (both groups).
  • Promote adequate care-seeking behaviors (both groups).
  • Provide education to improve health literacy (both groups).

References

Background Information. (n.d.). Web.

Bradford, A. (2017). Russian culture: Facts, customs & traditions.

Paik, S. J., Rahman, Z., Kula, S. M., Saito, L. E., & Witenstein, M. A. (2017). Diverse Asian American families and communities: Culture, structure, and education (Part 1: Why they differ). School Community Journal, 27(2), 35-66.

Russians in Minnesota. (n.d.).

Smith, S. (2017). Language, cultural norms clash with optimal care for some Asian-Americans. Web.

Xiao, A. (2013). Americas newest creative class: Asian Americans.

Zong, J., & Batalova, J. Asian immigrants in the United States.

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