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World War I changed America’s character forever. Participation in the war confirmed the leading role of the United States in international affairs.
World War I marked the first war in which American women were allowed to enlist in the armed forces. While thousands of women did join branches of the army in an official capacity, receiving veterans status and benefits after the war’s close, the majority of female involvement was done through voluntary organizations supporting the war effort or through becoming a nurse for the military. Additionally, women made an impact on the war indirectly by filling the workforce and becoming employed in the jobs left behind by male soldiers.
The United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, more than two and a half years after World War I started. A ceasefire and Armistice was declared on November 11, 1918. Before entering the war, the U.S. had remained neutral, though it had been an important supplier to Great Britain and other Allied powers. The impact of the United States joining the war was significant. The additional firepower, resources, and soldiers of the U.S. helped to tip the balance of the war in favor of the Allies. When war broke out in 1914, the United States had a policy of neutrality
Despite attempts to increase the number of armed personnel of the U.S. forces to decide. The armed forces were enlarged by the National Guard and the rapid adoption of several conscription laws, which included conscription (men, between the ages of 21 and 30).
According to John Simkin, All males between the ages of 21 and 30 were required to register for military service. By 12th September 1918, 23,908,566 men had registered. Around 4,000,000 men were ultimately drafted into the armed services. Of these, 50 percent served overseas during the war (115). The social conditions were such that the majority of those recruited were urban residents of the northeastern United States, many were recent immigrants or from immigrant families. Most of them were completely illiterate or illiterate(this, among others, led to the taking of multiple-choice tests), and many of them did not speak English. When black people called up for military service, they faced the challenges of racism and discrimination. The United States faced unpleasant political problems. In pre-war times, the U.S. military had racially constructed segregation. The same practice continued during the war. Army Command and the fleet didn’t want to accept black people soldiers in combat units. That’s why most of them ended up in the back units or were used as laborers in engineering units. A few units formed of only black people did not have connections with the white units and have been reassigned to the French command. In April 1917, the regular army had 6,000 officers and 122,000 soldiers, except that another 80,000 people were part of the National Guard. They were in a hurry and were supplemented by conscripts recruited in accordance with the Electoral Law of the Selective Service Act. The first division went to Europe under General Pershing’s command, and by the next few months was followed by a core contingent of Americans of the expeditionary forces. In April – May In 1918, they were fully deployed in France. By the time the truce is declared, there were 7 personnel divisions in France, 17 divisions of the National Guard, and 16 divisions of recruits (several other units were in Italy). The ‘National Army’ is defined by John J. Pershing in his book My Experiences in the World War (1931), Vol. 1, p. 130: ‘In the organization of our armies for the World War it was evident that if any considerable numbers were to be sent abroad, an additional force would be needed over and above the Regular Army and National Guard. The War Department, therefore, established what was called the National Army, to be composed principally of men who were to come into the service through the draft.’
Originally President Wilson wanted the Americans to fight separately and preserve their identity. But the divisions were subordinate to allies. They have undergone rigorous military training. Before that, the American troops fought in Mexico, Nicaragua, and the Philippines, with individual officers involved in the conquest of Cuba. However, the experience of participation in large-scale combat operations against an experienced enemy was new to most American officers and soldiers. Training, that they passed under the command of the French and English, has solved this problem. In addition, being away from home and their own sources of supply, most American units were dependent on arms and ammunition from the Triple Ally’s storage facilities.
World War I changed the attitude of women, prior everyone thought that women it is an unnecessary thing in Man wars . During the war, more than 20,000 U.S. Army nurses served in military hospitals in the United States and on the other side of the sea. They saved more than millions of soldiers. At that time most Americans understood that women can be part of the war, and sometimes be more necessary because it was harder to be a nurse, the difficulties a nurse might face treating gas victims. ‘ They cannot be bandaged or touched. We cover them with a tent or propped-up sheets. Gas burns must be agonizing because usually, the other cases do not complain even with the worst wounds but gas cases are invariably beyond endurance and they cannot help crying out ().To date, the U.S. has almost two million female veterans and it has the largest concentration of female soldiers who voluntarily enlist and are currently on active duty. U.S. female military personnel serve in most areas of the armed forces but are not allowed on submarines and are ‘precluded from units that engage the enemy on the ground with weapons or that are exposed to hostile fire and have a high possibility of direct physical contact with the enemy.’The U.S. also has the highest number of female soldiers in senior ranks, with at least four females with the three-star equivalent rank of lieutenant general or vice-admiral.
In the spring of 1918, Triple Allies achieved a win over Germany. Germany got into incredible debt. And they were supposed to take everything that happened in World World I into their hands, becoming 100 percent guilty of the war.
Today, the U.S. Army has 8,848 tanks, a huge number of armored vehicles and other military equipment, and 3,892 military aircraft in service. If during the Cold War, Soviet strategists focused on tanks, the Americans actively developed combat aviation. Currently, the U.S. Air Force is rightly considered the strongest in the world. The U.S. has the most powerful Navy, which includes ten aircraft carrier groups, more than seventy submarines, a large number of planes, and support ships. Americans are leaders in the development of the latest military technologies, and their range is very wide: from the creation of lasers and robotic combat systems to prosthetic systems. And it proves American power in military systems.
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